Each row shows where Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk sits on the national distribution for one economic concept across all three mobility measures.

All income a person receives, including wages and transfers.

α Absolute mobility 23rd percentile

this county national median

28.15 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 71st percentile

this county national median

0.36 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 82nd percentile

this county national median

The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

Income earned from work (wages and salaries).

α Absolute mobility 26th percentile

this county national median

33.23 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 68th percentile

this county national median

0.35 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 88th percentile

this county national median

12.37 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The probability of owning a home (the extensive margin of housing wealth).

α Absolute mobility 3rd percentile

this county national median

46.32 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 86th percentile

this county national median

0.49 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 79th percentile

this county national median

-4.83 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The value of housing assets a person holds.

α Absolute mobility 29th percentile

this county national median

35.94 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 84th percentile

this county national median

0.39 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 82nd percentile

this county national median

1.17 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The total value of all assets a person holds.

α Absolute mobility 31st percentile

this county national median

36.92 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 56th percentile

this county national median

0.30 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 16th percentile

this county national median

-1.97 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

County	State	α (absolute mobility)	β (persistence)	δ (extensive margin)	n
Camden	NC	—	—	—	70
Chesapeake	VA	37.47	0.300	-6.87	1900
Currituck	NC	40.08	0.248	1.05	150
Gates	NC	35.27	0.314	5.55	150
Gloucester	VA	44.56	0.228	4.45	300
Hampton	VA	33.56	0.307	-1.30	1200
Isle of Wight	VA	37.63	0.309	-0.42	300
James City	VA	35.15	0.370	-0.56	350
Mathews	VA	—	—	—	70
Newport News	VA	35.66	0.313	-5.02	1400
Norfolk	VA	29.71	0.328	-0.83	1800
Poquoson	VA	—	—	—	150
Portsmouth	VA	35.01	0.276	-3.00	850
Suffolk	VA	28.81	0.415	4.80	550
Surry	VA	32.59	0.333	1.06	100
Virginia Beach	VA	41.10	0.261	-3.46	3700
Williamsburg	VA	32.18	0.361	0.61	60
York	VA	46.78	0.238	10.03	700

Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk

The five lenses at a glance