Each row shows where Richmond sits on the national distribution for one economic concept across all three mobility measures.

All income a person receives, including wages and transfers.

α Absolute mobility 25th percentile

this county national median

28.25 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 78th percentile

this county national median

0.37 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 81st percentile

this county national median

The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

Income earned from work (wages and salaries).

α Absolute mobility 30th percentile

this county national median

33.75 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 75th percentile

this county national median

0.36 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 91st percentile

this county national median

13.21 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The probability of owning a home (the extensive margin of housing wealth).

α Absolute mobility 2nd percentile

this county national median

44.99 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 96th percentile

this county national median

0.55 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 86th percentile

this county national median

-4.91 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The value of housing assets a person holds.

α Absolute mobility 28th percentile

this county national median

35.39 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 87th percentile

this county national median

0.43 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 92nd percentile

this county national median

1.90 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

The total value of all assets a person holds.

α Absolute mobility 25th percentile

this county national median

35.26 — Higher means children who started at the bottom reach a higher rank on average.
β Persistence 89th percentile

this county national median

0.38 — Higher means rank sticks across generations — less mobility.
δ Extensive margin 87th percentile

this county national median

8.75 — The gap for children whose parents had zero of the resource vs. the lowest positive amount.

County	State	α (absolute mobility)	β (persistence)	δ (extensive margin)	n
Amelia	VA	35.42	0.355	7.68	100
Charles City	VA	—	—	—	100
Chesterfield	VA	38.23	0.364	7.42	2800
Colonial Heights	VA	43.25	0.298	4.75	200
Dinwiddie	VA	—	—	—	200
Goochland	VA	—	—	—	150
Hanover	VA	38.99	0.360	9.44	850
Henrico	VA	34.99	0.424	10.90	2100
Hopewell	VA	30.98	0.345	7.62	200
King and Queen	VA	31.30	0.347	13.72	60
King William	VA	34.69	0.363	7.78	150
New Kent	VA	43.58	0.272	10.69	150
Petersburg	VA	23.97	0.387	4.72	250
Powhatan	VA	41.61	0.286	6.65	150
Prince George	VA	37.44	0.303	13.12	300
Richmond	VA	25.57	0.453	7.82	1200
Sussex	VA	36.65	0.318	11.39	150

Richmond

The five lenses at a glance